When working with concrete, several safety measures and equipment requirements should be considered. Here's a breakdown:

1. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):

• If applying a cement, sand, and water mixture through a pneumatic hose, ensure you wear protective head and face equipment [1].

2. Equipment Safety:

• Concrete Mixers: If using concrete mixers with a loading skip of one cubic yard or larger, ensure they are equipped with a mechanical device to clear materials from the skip and have guardrails on each side of the skip [1].
• Power Concrete Trowels: Manually guided, powered, and rotating concrete troweling machines must have a control switch that automatically shuts off power when the operator's hands are removed from the handles [1].
• Concrete Buggies: Ensure concrete buggy handles do not extend beyond the wheels on either side [1].
• Concrete Buckets: Buckets with hydraulic or pneumatic gates should have positive safety latches to prevent accidental dumping [2]. Buckets should also be designed to prevent concrete from getting stuck on the top and sides [2].
• Concrete Pumping Systems: Use pipe supports designed for 100% overload [2]. Compressed air hoses should have fail-safe joint connectors to prevent separation when pressurized [2].
• Lockout/Tagout: Before maintenance or repair on equipment like compressors, mixers, screens, or pumps, ensure all hazardous energy sources are locked out and tagged with a "Do Not Start" tag [2].
• Masonry Saws: These saws should have a semicircular enclosure over the blade and a method for retaining blade fragments [2].
• Bull floats: If bull float handles might contact energized electrical conductors, they must be nonconductive or insulated [2].

3. General Safety Practices:

• Falling Objects: Never work under concrete buckets while they are being lifted or lowered [1]. Route elevated concrete buckets to minimize the number of employees exposed to the risk of falling buckets [1].
• Tremies: Secure sections of tremies and similar concrete conveyances with wire rope or equivalent materials, in addition to regular couplings [2].
• Construction Loads: Ensure that no construction loads are placed on a concrete structure unless a qualified person has determined that the structure can support the loads [3].
• Reinforcing Steel: Protect against impalement hazards by guarding all protruding reinforcing steel onto and into which employees could fall [3].
• Post-Tensioning Operations: Limit access to the post-tensioning area during tensioning operations with signs and barriers. Only essential employees should be behind the jack during tensioning [3].
• Riding Concrete Buckets: Do not allow employees to ride concrete buckets [3].
• Working Under Loads: Working under loads is prohibited [3].

4. Formwork and Shoring:

• Design drawings for formwork and shoring should be available on-site [4] and include specific details such as component identification, material specifications, design loads, and erection instructions [4].
• Formwork and shoring must be capable of withstanding all applied loads without exceeding allowable working loads or causing instability [4].
• Before pouring concrete, formwork and shoring must be inspected and authorized in writing by an engineer or competent person [5].
• Formwork and shoring should not be removed until the concrete is strong enough to support itself and any applied loads, or unless the concrete is adequately reshored [5].

5. Other Considerations:

• Underground Utilities: Before trenching or drilling, identify and avoid underground utility lines [6].
• Bracing and Supports: Ensure proper bracing and support for walls and columns to prevent collapse [7].
• High Visibility: Wear high-visibility safety apparel if exposed to vehicular traffic [8].
• Pre-pour Inspection: Before pouring concrete, inspect the formwork and shoring [5].
• Barriers: Use concrete barriers or equivalent protection when construction is on a highway or bridge where vehicular traffic may endanger employees [8].

By adhering to these guidelines, you can significantly reduce the risk of accidents and injuries when working with concrete.