Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) procedures are essential for safely isolating machinery and equipment during maintenance to prevent accidental startup or release of hazardous energy. These procedures involve specific steps to ensure that all energy sources are controlled and that employees are protected from harm. [2] [4]

Here are the general steps for LOTO:

• Preparation: Inform all affected employees before beginning the lockout/tagout process.
• Shutdown: Turn off or shut down the equipment using the normal shutdown procedure.
• Isolation: Identify and operate all energy-isolating devices to physically disconnect the equipment from the energy source.
• Lockout/Tagout: Apply lockout devices (locks) or tagout devices (tags) to each energy-isolating device to prevent accidental re-energization. If the energy-isolating device can accept a lockout device, you must use lockout.
• Stored Energy Check: Verify that all stored energy (e.g., electrical, mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, chemical, thermal) is released, dissipated, or restrained.
• Isolation Verification: Test the equipment to ensure that the energy isolation is effective by attempting to start the equipment or using testing equipment to verify de-energization.

[5] [7] Key aspects of energy control measures include:

• Identifying all potential energy sources (electrical, mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, chemical, thermal, etc.).
• Using lockout devices (e.g., padlocks) to physically prevent energy flow.
• Using tagout devices (e.g., warning tags) to indicate that equipment is out of service (used when lockout is not possible, with additional safety measures).
• Verifying isolation by testing equipment and ensuring it cannot be restarted.

[2] [7] [7] Compliance with safety regulations involves:

• Training all employees on LOTO procedures and the hazards of uncontrolled energy.
• Regularly inspecting LOTO procedures to ensure they are effective and up-to-date.
• Ensuring that only authorized employees perform LOTO procedures.
• Following specific procedures for releasing the LOTO, including inspecting the work area, notifying affected employees, and safely removing lockout/tagout devices.

[2] [6] [8] [1] For electrical plug-type equipment, specific steps include unplugging the equipment, attaching a "Do Not Operate" tag, and using a plug box and lock. An exception is granted if the cord and plug remain in the exclusive control of the employee working on the equipment. [1]

When multiple employees are involved, each must apply their own lock and tag. If a lock needs to be removed by management because the employee has left, specific procedures must be followed to ensure safety. [3] [3]