While my knowledge base doesn't contain specific documentation that consolidates all safety requirements for frame ladders including inspection, maintenance, and fall protection according to OSHA and ANSI standards, I can provide general safety guidance based on industry best practices and the available documents.
Ladders are essential equipment, and their safe use requires regular inspection, proper maintenance, and adherence to safety protocols. Here's a breakdown of key safety requirements:
Inspections:
- Inspect ladders before each use. Check ladders that have been dropped or have fallen before using them again.
- Inspect new ladders promptly upon receipt.
- Inspect ladders before storing to make sure they are in good condition to store, or need repair, replacement, or removal from the site.
- For fixed ladders, inspect them periodically, at least annually, and keep a record of every inspection.
- All defective ladders are tagged and immediately removed.
[2] [2] [3] What to look for during inspection:
- Missing or loose steps or rungs.
- Damaged or worn non-slip feet.
- Loose nails, screws, bolts, or nuts.
- Worn, loose, or faulty spreaders, locks, and other metal parts in poor repair.
- Rot, decay, or warped rails in wooden ladders.
- Cracks and exposed fiberglass in fiberglass ladders.
- Cracked, split, worn, or broken rails, braces, steps, or rungs.
- Sharp edges on rails and rungs.
- Rough or splintered surfaces.
- Corrosion, rust, oxidization, and excessive wear, especially on treads.
- Twisted or distorted rails.
- Damage or wear on other items such as spreaders, locking devices, hinges, springs, or ropes.
- Missing identification labels.
- Wobble (for stepladders).
- Loose or bent hinges and hinge spreaders (for stepladders).
- Broken stop on a hinge spreader (for stepladders).
- Loose pail shelf (for stepladders).
- Loose, broken, or missing extension locks (for extension ladders).
- Defective locks that do not set properly when the ladder is extended (for extension ladders).
- Defective cords, chains, and ropes (for extension ladders).
- Missing or defective pads or sleeves (for extension ladders).
- Proper functioning of any safety gates (for fixed access ladders).
Maintenance:
- Clean fiberglass ladders every three months with a clear lacquer or paste wax.
- Protect wooden ladders with a clear sealer or wood preservative.
- Replace worn or frayed ropes on extension ladders.
- Lubricate pulleys on extension ladders regularly.
- Ensure interiors of open end hollow rungs of metal ladders are free from corrosion.
[4] [5] [5] [5] [3] Fall Protection & Safe Use:
- Portable ladders should be labeled as being in accordance with ANSI standards A 14.1 1982, Portable Wood Ladders, or A 14.2 1982, Portable Metal Ladders.
- Ladders are used for access to points above the highest floor that has been planked or decked in steel frame buildings.
- Areas where ladders are placed are clear at the top and bottom, and are not greasy or muddy.
- Ladders are placed on firm dry ground, so they won't slip or sink, and are not placed on boxes or other unstable bases.
- Portable ladders are tied, blocked, or otherwise secured.
- Portable ladders are placed 1 foot out from the wall for every 4 feet of ladder length (75° pitch).
- No one stands or works on the top three rungs of a ladder that has no handholds, unless the structure provides a firm handhold or the worker is tied off.
- Workers face a ladder while climbing and descending.
- Stepladders are always opened fully.
- Workers do not stand or work on the top (cap) of a stepladder, or the step below the cap.
- Workers use a ladder one at a time unless the ladder is specially designed for more people.
- Ladders are placed so that side rails extend at least 3 feet above the landing or level they serve.
- Workers do not carry tools, equipment, or materials (except on a tool belt) while on a ladder.
- Maintain three-point contact by keeping two hands and one foot or two feet and one hand on the ladder at all times.
- When working 3 metres (10 feet) or more above ground, a fall protection program may be necessary. Wear a safety belt or harness with the lanyard tied appropriately to the structure.
[1] [1] [7] [7] [7] [7] [7] [7] [7] [7] [7] [7] [7] [8] [6] By adhering to these inspection, maintenance, and fall protection guidelines, you can significantly reduce the risk of ladder-related accidents and ensure a safer working environment.
Important Safety Note:
Always verify safety information with your organization's specific guidelines and local regulations.