vehicle safety

Vehicle safety is critical for employers and employees, especially when driving is a significant part of the workday. An effective driver safety program ensures employees drive safely and vehicles are properly maintained. [3]

Here are key components of vehicle safety:

• Develop and enforce a written vehicle safety policy.
• Check driving records regularly.
• Investigate all accidents thoroughly.
• Maintain vehicles with regular inspections and maintenance.
• Reward exemplary driving and discipline safety violations.
• Invest in ongoing education and training.
• Know and adhere to the Oregon Vehicle Code.

[3] Also, consider these points:

• Always wear safety belts.
• Stay focused on the road and avoid distractions like mobile devices.
• Stay alert and avoid driving while drowsy.
• Never drive impaired by alcohol, drugs, or medications.
• Maintain a safe following distance and avoid aggressive driving.
• Watch out for pedestrians, who always have the right of way at intersections.
• Secure all tools and equipment properly to prevent them from becoming airborne during a crash.

[1] Prepare for roadside emergencies by ensuring the vehicle is equipped with essential items:

• Flashlight
• Reflective safety vest
• Light sticks
• Tire inflator or sealant
• Reflective triangles or flares
• First aid kit
• Batteries
• Water
• Gloves
• Blanket or jacket
• Jumper cables
• Ice scraper
• Cell phone charger

[2] Before operating a vehicle, perform a daily vehicle inspection or circle check to ensure it is safe. Report any issues immediately and do not operate the vehicle if you are unsure of its safety. [5]

Key inspection points include:

• Exterior: Body, frame, cargo secure, bumpers, mirrors, tires, and lights.
• Engine: Hoses and fluid levels (oil, brake, transmission, radiator, washer).
• Electrical: Headlights, signal lights, and flashers.
• Interior: Clean windows, clear area around pedals, working horn, seat belts, and functional accessories.
• Emergency Equipment: Fire extinguisher and first aid kit.

[7] [6] [5] For electric vehicles (EVs), also check:

• State-of-charge (SOC) before departure
• Driving distances relative to battery state-of-range (SOC)
• Battery health for physical damage or swelling
• Ensure fire extinguishers are compatible with the vehicle engine

[5] NIOSH recommends that employers:

• Provide a key member of the management team with responsibility and authority to set and enforce a comprehensive driver safety policy.
• Require seat belt use.
• Select vehicles that provide high levels of occupant protection.
• Maintain accurate driving performance records.
• Stipulate that driving requires full attention, avoiding cell phone use.
• Set realistic schedules.
• Ensure employees are properly licensed and trained.
• Implement a vehicle maintenance program.

[4] If a vehicle has a flat tire or mechanical problem:

• Pull the vehicle to the side of the road, as far off the pavement as safely possible.
• Turn on emergency flashers.
• Angle the vehicle away from traffic if possible.
• If safe, change the tire using the vehicle as a barrier.
• If it is not safe to change the tire, remain in the vehicle and call for help.
• Raise the hood to signal for assistance.
• Place reflectorized triangles, pylons, or flares behind the vehicle.

[8]