When pouring concrete, it's crucial to prioritize safety to minimize health risks. Here's a breakdown of key precautions:

1. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):

   • Eye Protection: Wear approved, properly fitted dust- or splash-proof chemical safety glasses 3, 7. If there is a risk of splashing, also use face protection (face shield) 11, 15.
   • Skin Protection: Wear gloves of adequate length to protect your skin from splashes. Nitrile, Butyl, and PVC gloves are suitable for incidental contact 3, 7. Also, wear waterproof protective clothing 11, 15 and rubber boots when stepping in concrete 3, 7.
   • Respiratory Protection: If the area is poorly ventilated or exposure limits may be exceeded, use a NIOSH-approved dust mask or filtering face piece 3, 7, 11, 15. Respirator selection and use should be under the direction of a trained health and safety professional, following OSHA's respirator standard (29 CFR 1910.134) and ANSI's standard for respiratory protection (Z88.2) 3, 7, 11, 15.

2. Handling Precautions:

   • Avoid Dust Inhalation: Do not breathe dust [1]. Use adequate ventilation to keep exposures below recommended limits 3, 7.
   • Hygiene: Keep away from food, beverages, and feed. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of work 3, 7. Remove soiled and contaminated clothing immediately 3, 7.
   • Skin Contact: Avoid contact with eyes and skin 3, 7, 12, 14, 17. Concrete can cause skin irritation, dermatitis, or sensitization 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 18. Do not allow the product to harden around any body part or allow prolonged contact with skin 4, 5, 18.

3. First Aid Measures:

   • Inhalation: If breathing is difficult, move the person to fresh air and seek medical attention if you feel unwell 6, 10.
   • Skin Contact: Wash with plenty of water and remove contaminated clothing. If skin irritation or rash occurs, get medical advice 5, 6, 10.
   • Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes, remove contact lenses, and seek immediate medical attention 5, 6, 8, 10.
   • Ingestion: Rinse mouth and do NOT induce vomiting. Immediately call a poison center or doctor 5, 8, 10.

4. Additional Safety Measures:

   • Ventilation: Ensure good ventilation at the workplace [1].
   • Housekeeping: Practice good housekeeping to prevent dust accumulation [1].
   • Storage: Keep containers tightly closed and prevent exposure to humidity. Store out of reach of children [1].
   • Medical Advice: If exposed or concerned, get medical advice/attention 6, 10.

5. Health Hazards:

   • Silicosis: Respirable crystalline silica (quartz) can cause silicosis, a fibrosis of the lungs 1, 4.
   • Cancer: May cause cancer through inhalation of dust 1, 4, 5, 16, 18.
   • Organ Damage: Causes damage to organs (lungs, central nervous system) through prolonged or repeated exposure 1, 4, 5, 16, 18.

By following these guidelines, you can significantly reduce the risks associated with pouring concrete and maintain a safe working environment.