Working at heights requires specific safety procedures and regulations to prevent falls and injuries. Occupational health and safety laws generally require action when a worker has the potential to fall about 3 metres (10 feet). [1] [9]

Key measures include:

• Fixed barriers (e.g., handrails, guardrails)
• Surface opening protection (e.g., covers, guardrails, etc.)
• Warning barriers or control zones
• Fall or travel restraint systems (i.e., a system to prevent a worker from falling from a work position, or from travelling to an unguarded edge from which the worker could fall)
• Fall containment system (e.g., safety nets)
• Fall arrest systems (i.e., a system that will stop a worker's fall before the worker hits the surface below)

[1] [9] A fall protection plan is crucial for identifying fall hazards and outlining measures to prevent injury. This includes the selection, assembly, maintenance, inspection, and proper use of equipment like ladders, scaffolds, and fall protection gear. Emergency procedures for rescuing fallen workers are also essential. [1]

Key elements of a fall protection plan include:

• Identifying who will conduct the rescue, and their roles and responsibilities
• Procedures for identifying, assessing, and controlling hazards
• Training requirements for rescue personnel and workers at heights
• Emergency rescue equipment and first aid supplies on site
• Contact information for on-site first aid personnel
• Required personal protective equipment (PPE) for rescuers
• How a rescue will be initiated and communication protocols

[3] After a fall and rescue, ensure the worker receives first aid and is transported to the nearest hospital. Provide mental health services to all workers involved. Investigate the incident, document information, and inspect/discard any used fall protection equipment as needed. Update the rescue plan and comply with reporting requirements to health and safety regulators. [2]

Eliminating the need to work at height is the most effective control measure. Examples include designing work to avoid heights, providing stable platforms, moving items to ground level, and using remote-controlled devices. [5] [8]

Engineering controls such as guardrails, hole covers, and scaffolding can reduce the risk of falls. Administrative controls include safety policies, safe work practices, and controlled access zones. Personal protective equipment (PPE) is also important. [8] [8]

Training is essential for workers at heights. It should cover the fall protection plan, proper use of equipment, maintenance, and hazard identification. Ontario and Newfoundland require training from approved providers. [10] [11] [11]

A rescue plan should be in place to detail how to safely retrieve fallen workers, with designated rescuers trained and equipped for rapid response. Local emergency services can be consulted, but relying solely on them is not sufficient. [10] [3]

Before starting work at heights, assess potential hazards and ensure equipment is inspected and maintained. Control measures should be continuously reviewed and improved. [4]

When developing a rescue plan, consider factors such as hazards, location, tasks, environmental conditions, and potential fall scenarios. Involve qualified individuals and workers in the planning process. [6]

Ensure anchor points are strong, stable, and appropriately located for both the work being done and potential rescue procedures. The anchor system should be installed per manufacturer specifications and may need certification by an engineer. [4] [7]

Effective communication is crucial during rescue operations. Establish clear communication protocols, including how workers will communicate with supervisors and the rescue team. Define roles and responsibilities for all team members. [7]

Rescuers need specialized training and experience, including frequent drills and simulated rescues. Training should cover the rescue plan, equipment, hazards, first aid, CPR, and recognition of suspension trauma. [7]