Safety regulations for machinery operation within tolerance zones and prohibited excavation areas include several key considerations. A warning system must be utilized when mobile equipment is operated adjacent to an excavation, especially if the operator lacks a clear view of the edge. Acceptable warning systems include barricades, hand signals, mechanical signals, or stop logs. [1]
Employees should be provided with and wear warning vests or other suitable garments marked with or made of reflectorized or high visibility material when exposed to vehicular traffic. [1]
It is important to preplan excavation operations to avoid cave-ins. Important questions to consider prior to digging include:
- What types of soil will be found?
- What are the soil moisture conditions?
- Has the soil previously been disturbed?
- How large will the excavation be?
- How long will the excavation be open?
- What kinds of weather can we expect?
- What kinds of equipment will be on the job?
- Will the excavation be near structures?
- Is traffic control needed near the excavation?
- What sources of vibration will be nearby?
- Will water be a problem?
- What kind of shoring? How much?
- Underground installations?
[3] Additionally, a competent person should inspect the excavation site daily, before each shift, and after any event that could increase hazards, such as precipitation or a thaw. The competent person should also ensure that spoil piles are at least two feet from the trench edge and that there is a safe exit within 25 feet of each worker. [2]
Employees are not allowed under loads handled by lifting or digging equipment and must be protected from vehicles being loaded or unloaded to prevent falling material. [1]
Important Safety Note:
Always verify safety information with your organization's specific guidelines and local regulations.