Scaffolding

To prevent falls and structural failures during scaffolding erection, use, and dismantling, it is essential to follow safety regulations and inspection procedures. These include general provisions applicable to all scaffolds, as well as specific guidelines for different types of scaffolds such as pump jack, ladder jack, carpenter's bracket, and tubular welded scaffolds.

General safety provisions for all scaffolds include:

• Scaffolding should be assembled under the supervision and direction of a competent person.
• Safe ladder access should be provided; workers should never climb on braces or structural members/frames.
• Scaffold-grade lumber should be used for platforms.
• Guardrails and toeboards should be installed on all scaffolds that are 10 feet or 2 frames above the ground (whichever is less).
• All personnel should be trained in safe use, with training and inspection conducted by a competent person.
• Ensure the structure is capable of supporting 4 times the maximum intended load, including its own weight.

[3] Specific scaffold types and their regulations:

• Pump Jack Scaffolds: Use wooden poles up to 30 feet or aluminum poles up to 50 feet. Install guardrails, secure poles to the house with rigid triangular bracing, ensure poles are plumb, and fully plank and secure platforms.
• Ladder Jack Scaffolds: Do not use over 20 feet in height. Platforms should be a minimum of 12 inches wide, and ladders should be secured to prevent slipping. Access ladders should be provided. These are considered the least safe staging type, and OSHA requires fall protection for these scaffolds over 10 feet.
• Carpenter's Bracket Scaffolds: Platforms must be a minimum of 12 inches wide, brackets must be attached to the stud or structural member of the building, and guardrails must be installed.
• Tubular Welded Scaffolds: These should be assembled by a qualified person, cross-braced, and secured to the building. Guardrails and access ladders should be installed, and the scaffold should be fully planked. Careful footing is critical for stability.

[1] [2] [2] [2] Regular inspection of scaffolding is crucial. Scaffolds should be inspected after erection and before first use, and routinely inspected for footing, parts, and slippery conditions. [4]

To prevent falls, construction employees exposed to an unprotected side or edge which is 6 feet or more above a lower level shall be protected from falling by and trained in the use of guardrail systems, safety net systems, or personal fall arrest systems. [6]

Always plan ahead, provide the right equipment, and train workers to use the equipment safely to prevent falls in construction. [5]

Additionally, be aware of electrocution hazards when assembling, using, or dismantling scaffolds near power lines, and call the electric company for assistance. [1]