Using a ladder improperly can lead to falls and injuries. Here's how to use ladders safely:

• Ladder Selection: Use ladders only for their designed purpose [1]. Ensure they can support the intended load 1, 7, 9, accounting for the user's weight, tools, and materials [2]. If the ladder is not self-supporting, it needs to be placed at the correct angle [1].
• Ladder Inspection: Before each use, inspect the ladder for any defects like loose rungs, damaged side rails, or corrosion 4, 5, 10, 16, 19. Remove any ladder with defects from service 8, 19 and tag it as "Do Not Use" until it's repaired or replaced 10, 16.
• Ladder Setup: Place ladders on stable and level surfaces 1, 9. If the surface is slippery, secure the ladder or use slip-resistant feet 1, 9, 20. When using a non-self-supporting ladder, ensure the top is placed so that both side rails are supported 9, 16.
• Ladder Safety: Secure ladders to prevent accidental displacement, especially in high-traffic areas 1, 9. Keep the areas around the top and bottom of the ladder clear [1]. When climbing, face the ladder and maintain three points of contact 4, 5, 12, 16. Don't carry heavy or awkward items while climbing 9, 16.
• Ladder Positioning: For portable ladders, make sure that if it is used to access an upper landing surface, the side rails extend at least 3 feet above the landing surface 1, 9. If the ladder doesn't extend high enough, secure it and provide a grasping device [1].
• Electrical Hazards: If working near exposed energized electrical equipment, use ladders with nonconductive side rails [3].
• Fall Protection: When working from a portable ladder at a height of 3 meters or more, use a personal fall arrest system [4]. If using a fall arrest system is not practical for light-duty tasks of short duration, maintain three-point contact and keep your center of balance between the side rails 3, 4.
• Proper Use: Do not stand on the top step of a stepladder or the top three rungs of a single or extension ladder 8, 13, 16. Avoid using the ladder as a scaffold flooring or support [5]. Don't move, shift, or extend a ladder while someone is on it 9, 16.
• Ladder Training: Employers must provide training programs to help employees recognize ladder-related hazards and safe practices [6].