Electrical cords and wiring safety includes regular inspection, proper maintenance, and preventative measures to avoid hazards. These guidelines ensure electrical systems operate safely, reducing the risk of electric shock, fires, and equipment damage.

Regular inspections are crucial. Before each use, inspect portable cord-and-plug connected equipment, extension cords, power bars, charging stations, and electrical fittings for damage or wear. Remove the cord from the electrical power source before inspecting. Look for external defects such as loose parts, deformed or missing pins, and damage to the outer jacket or insulation. Also, check for evidence of possible internal damage, such as pinched or crushed outer jackets. Worn or frayed electric cords or cables should not be used. [3] [1] [8] [7]

Maintenance involves several key practices:

• Grounding: Ensure the grounding prong is present and intact on the plug. Use a continuity tester to regularly check for ground continuity.
• Correct Connectors: Use electrical plugs and receptacles that are right for your current and voltage needs. Connectors are designed for specific currents and voltages so that only matching plugs and receptacles will fit together. Standard configurations for plugs and receptacles have been established by the National Electric Manufacturers Association (NEMA).
• Proper Use: Always disconnect a cord by the plug, not by pulling on the cord itself.
• Avoid Overloading: Do not plug several items or multiple extension cords into one outlet.
• GFCI Protection: Have Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCIs) installed in areas that may get wet or humid. Use a portable in-line GFCI if you are not certain that the receptacle you are plugging your extension cord into is GFCI protected. [1] [1] [1] [1] [5] [6] [6]

To prevent electrical hazards, implement these measures:

• Proper Cord Usage: Use cords with insulation marked “S” (hard service) rather than cords marked "SJ" (junior hard service). Ensure wires and connectors are waterproof and approved for damp locations.
• Avoid Damage: Coil or hang cords for storage to prevent tight kinks, cuts, and scrapes. Do not use nails and staples to hold cords in place.
• Prevent Tripping Hazards: Keep cords away from foot traffic to prevent tripping hazards and damage. Tape extension cords to walls or floors when necessary.
• Do Not Substitute Fixed Wiring: Do not use extension cords as a substitute for fixed wiring. Flexible cords should not be run through holes in walls, ceilings, or floors, nor be hidden in walls, ceilings, or floors.
• Overhead Power Lines: Maintain a safe distance from overhead power lines. If you must be close to power lines, contact the electrical utility company for assistance. [1] [1] [3] [2] [4] [4] [3]