Fall protection is crucial for preventing serious injuries and fatalities in the workplace. Planning is essential to eliminate hazards and control risks associated with working at heights or near openings. [2]

A fall protection plan is a comprehensive policy outlining procedures to identify fall hazards and implement preventive measures. It includes the selection, assembly, maintenance, inspection, and safe use of equipment like ladders, scaffolds, and platforms, as well as personal fall protection equipment. Rescue procedures for fallen workers are also a critical component. [6]

Key elements of a fall protection plan include:

• Site-specific hazard assessment: Identifying potential fall hazards such as maximum heights, roof slopes, and proximity to power lines.
• Type of fall protection to be used: Selecting appropriate measures like guardrails, safety nets, or personal fall arrest systems.
• Equipment inspection procedures: Ensuring regular inspection, setup, use, and removal of fall protection equipment.
• Rescue procedures: Detailing how to safely return workers to the ground after a fall.
• Worker training: Providing comprehensive training on fall protection methods and equipment.
• Regular review and amendment: Updating the plan after workplace changes, incidents, or near misses.

[4] [9] Employers have several responsibilities regarding fall hazards:

• Develop written fall protection policies and procedures.
• Identify all potential fall hazard areas.
• Prioritize passive fall arrest systems like guardrails over personal fall arrest systems.
• Develop fall arrest rescue procedures.
• Educate and train workers and supervisors.
• Ensure all protective equipment is in good condition.
• Regularly review and update the fall protection plan.

[4] [9] Workers also have specific responsibilities:

• Alert supervisors to previously unidentified fall hazards.
• Participate in fall protection planning and training.
• Follow all fall protection legal requirements and workplace policies.
• Use all protective equipment appropriately.
• Inspect personal fall protection systems before each use.
• Protect equipment from damage and report any issues.

[9] [8] When using ladders, specific safety measures should be followed:

• Ladder Selection: Choose the right type and size of ladder for the task. Consider the duty rating and ensure it is adequate for the weight it will support.
• Ladder Inspection: Before each use, inspect the ladder for any damage or defects, such as loose rungs, damaged side rails, or worn feet. Remove damaged ladders from service.
• Ladder Setup: Place the ladder on a stable and level surface. Secure the ladder to prevent movement, especially at the base and top.

When using ladders, specific safety measures should be followed (continued):

• Angle: Set up the ladder at the correct angle (approximately 75 degrees). A general rule is to place the base of the ladder one-quarter of the working length of the ladder away from the wall or vertical surface.
• Extension: When using a ladder to access a platform or roof, the ladder side rails should extend at least 1 meter above the landing. [7]

When using ladders, specific safety measures should be followed (continued):

• Three-Point Contact: Maintain three points of contact (two hands and one foot, or two feet and one hand) with the ladder at all times while climbing.
• Proper Use: Use the ladder only for its intended purpose. Do not overload the ladder or use it in a way that could cause it to tip or become unstable.
• Fall Protection: When working from a portable ladder at a height of 3 meters or more, use a personal fall arrest system, unless the task is of short duration and light duty, and three-point contact is maintained. [7]

Jurisdictions have specific requirements for fall protection based on height. For example, fall protection may be required at 3 meters or more, or even at lower heights if there is an increased risk of injury. [3] [6]

Various standards and regulations provide detailed guidelines for fall protection systems, including CSA and ANSI standards. These standards cover aspects such as body belts, harnesses, lanyards, connecting components, and anchor points. [1] [5]

Training is a critical component of fall protection. Workers must be trained on the proper use, maintenance, and inspection of fall protection systems. Some jurisdictions require specific training programs for those working at heights. [8] [10]

By adhering to these regulations and guidelines, employers and workers can significantly reduce the risk of falls and injuries in the workplace.