How to use a ladder correctly?

Before using a ladder, it is important to determine if it is the correct device for the situation by assessing the physical condition of the ground and the area being reached, the height of the work, the type of work being done, and any other hazards present. It is also important to determine which type of ladder will be best for the task. Always inspect the ladder before use and set it up correctly. Read the safety labels and manufacturer instructions for specific information on the safe use of that particular ladder. [1]

When climbing up or down a ladder, make sure the ladder is tied or secured correctly and is placed on a level, firm, and non-slippery surface. Always:

• Face the stepladder.
• Keep your body centered between side rails.
• Maintain three-point contact by keeping two hands and one foot, or two feet and one hand on a ladder always.
• Keep a firm grip.
• Make sure that footwear is in good condition.
• Clean your footwear by removing mud, water, snow, ice, or grease.

[1] To secure portable ladders:

• Begin securing and stabilizing the ladder from the bottom up (from the footing).
• Set up your ladder on a firm, level, and stable surface.
• Secure both the base and top of a ladder to prevent movement. Securing a ladder at the foot does not prevent a side slip at the top.
• Brace or tie off the ladder near the base. If there is no structure to tie off, use a stake in the ground. Do not use a barrel, box, or another loose object as a support for a ladder.
• Use ladders equipped with non-slip feet. Otherwise, nail a cleat to the floor or use a device designed for this purpose.
• Remove all the debris and clutter around the base of the ladder.
• Rest the top of the ladder against a solid surface that can withstand the load. Do not let the top of the ladder rest on a gutter, window sash, windowpane, or anything that can break or move.
• Use wall grips on the risers to prevent side slipping when a ladder is leaning against a smooth surface.
• Attach a ladder stay (i.e., ladder stabilizer) across the back of a ladder where a surface cannot stand the load. Extend the stay across a window for firm support against the building walls or window frame.
• Guard or fence off the area around a ladder that is placed in an area where persons have access. If a barricade is not possible, have someone hold and guard the bottom of the ladder to prevent another person from bumping into the ladder.

[2] When working 3 metres (10 feet) or more above ground, a fall protection program may be necessary. Wear a safety belt or harness with the lanyard tied appropriately to an adequate point independent of the ladder. Make sure that you follow working at heights training that includes how to use fall protection devices safely. [3]